All organisms, including plants, have developed mechanisms of defence against pathogenic and other challenges, and thus solve a key biological problem: survival. A stunning example of this in humans ...

It is well known in physics and chemistry that equal charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract. It was long assumed that this principle also applies when enzymes – the biological ...

Enzymes help with specific functions that are vital to the operation and overall health of the human body. They help speed up chemical reactions and are essential for respiration, digestion, muscle ...

Unhackneyed compartmentalization generated by audible sound allows the enzyme reactions to be controlled spatiotemporally. Spatiotemporal regulation of multistep enzyme reactions through ...

Reactions that can combine more than two molecular pieces in one go are a powerful way to build complexity quickly and save on costly isolation and purification. But the choreography for such a ...

A single enzyme that can generate all four nucleoside triphosphates, the building blocks of ribonucleic acid (RNA), has been identified by researchers at the Institute of Science Tokyo. The study was ...

Enzymes catalyze the critical chemical reactions that help build and power living organisms. But chemists studying the origin of life on Earth face a vexing question: How did these metabolic reactions ...