In some cases, applications can be based upon industry-accepted standards, as shown in Figure 10-27. For example, for devices that need to be able to connect to other devices to transfer data or to ...

When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. A networking topology choice that is easily misunderstood. There are many questions that come to ...

Layers 7 through 4 are geared more to the application than the lower layers, which are designed to move packets from one place to another no matter what they contain. This top layer defines the ...

The two most common transport layer protocols are the transmission control protocol (TCP) and the user datagram protocol (UDP). One of the main differences between the two protocols is reliability.