“The first digital use of the transistor for consumers was in a calculator,” says Rick Bensene, curator of the Old Calculator Web Museum. Our series on the birth of the transistor — and with it, the ...

In 1867, Frederick A. P. Barnard, a mathematician and the president of Columbia University in New York, served as a judge at the Exposition universelle, a world’s fair held in Paris. There he saw a ...

Invented by Leonardo Torres in 1920, the Torres calculating machine is a machine that solves essential addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division problems using a simple manner. It was a ...