T cell activation—the process by which these key immune defenders recognize threats and mobilize against them—depends on exquisitely timed molecular signals. Now researchers have captured one of the ...

(MEMPHIS, Tenn. – November 6, 2025) The enzyme RNA polymerase II transcribes genes into messenger RNA. This process is guided by modifications to the enzyme’s “tail” called phosphorylation patterns.

Innate immune sensors – known as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) – detect specific molecular components of bacterial or ...

Cell signaling is crucial for cells to communicate and function correctly. Disruptions in these pathways, caused by genetic mutations or environmental factors, can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, ...

A wave of recent neuroscience research has identified specific molecular and cellular mechanisms through which alcohol disrupts signaling between brain cells, offering a sharper picture of how ...