FA engineers are expected to produce accurate results. Thus, there is no room for error when it comes to the data provided by instruments. Due to its data precision ...

The high-resolution imaging capability of atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be extended to enable a wide range of characterization methods to study electrical, mechanical, thermal, and other ...

Overview of the main types of Scannig Probe Microscope types: Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) – using the tunneling current I between the outermost atom of a conducting probe within an atomic ...

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that is used to see and measure surface topography, conduct force measurements or manipulate a sample’s surface. It can have nearly ...

What Is Atomic Force Microscopy? Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique that enables surface ultrastructure visualization at molecular resolution. 1 Besides three-dimensional (3D) ...

Invented 30 years ago, the atomic force microscope has been a major driver of nanotechnology, ranging from atomic-scale imaging to its latest applications in manipulating individual molecules, ...