Spruce shrubs and trees are conifers from the genus Picea, which includes 35 species. Spruce trees and shrubs are characterized by a branch structure, called a pulvinus, where the needles attach. This ...

Anywhere else in the world, more trees would be a blessing. But in the far north of Alaska, they’re a reckoning. As the Arctic warms up to four times as fast as the rest of the planet, white spruce ...