Quantum noise stream ciphers utilise the inherent randomness of quantum noise in optical systems to secure data transmission at the physical layer. By embedding cryptographic keys into fluctuations ...

An encryption method that works with continuous streams of input rather than fixed blocks. Bytes of plaintext go into the stream cipher, and bytes of encrypted text come out the other end. RC4 is an ...

Cryptography is something of a cryptic field, if you’ll forgive the pun. While one researcher erects the walls of a new technique, another tries to smash it to pieces. Seemingly counterintuitive, near ...

Introduction to ciphers and substitution. Alice and Bob and Carl and Julius: terminology and Caesar Cipher ; The key to the matter: generalizing the Caesar Cipher ; Multiplicative ciphers ; Affine ...

Last year, Microsoft announced end-of-support for the RC4 stream cipher in 2016 for its Edge browser, as well as Internet Explorer 11. Earlier this year, the company reiterated that it would soon ...

The arena of creating secure environments in the hardware and software industries is somewhat shrouded in mystery and misunderstanding. Certainly, some types of ciphers are relatively straightforward ...