Self-assessments encourage students to reflect on their skills, knowledge, learning goals, and progress in a course. These practices can range from quick, low-stakes check-ins on lecture content to in ...

Formative assessments are tools used during instruction to provide real-time feedback, helping both students and educators make immediate improvements. Unlike summative assessments, which evaluate ...

Student learning outcomes (SLOs) allow us to determine whether students are reaching the goals and objectives that we want them to achieve. They are expressed as specific statements describing the ...

Direct Measures of student learning consider actual student work or behavior as evidence of student learning outcomes. Direct measures are most often drawn from student work embedded in a course (such ...

Indirect Measures of student learning ask students to reflect on or self-assess their learning rather than demonstrate it. This can include measures of students’ knowledge, skills, attitudes, and ...

Assessing student learning effectively is often complicated by relying on ambiguous proxies such as grades, quiz scores, or assumptions about students' internal states, such as what they feel, think, ...

Teachers need more support to move testing from a “necessary evil” to a classroom tool, experts say. While summative assessments—like unit quizzes or annual ...