OpenAI’s unreleased model solved five of 10 unpublished research-level math problems and proposed a breakthrough physics formula, signaling a new era for AI in science.

Axiom says its AI found solutions to several long-standing math problems, a sign of the technology’s steadily advancing reasoning capabilities.

Artificial intelligence has moved from checking homework to attacking problems that professional mathematicians once treated as out of reach. Systems tuned for symbolic reasoning are now cracking long ...