Recent advances in language assessment have illuminated the complex interplay of rater behaviour and scoring procedures in educational settings. Studies in this field investigate how factors such as ...

Language Assessment Literacy (hereinafter abbreviated as LAL) is closely related to second language teaching and learning practices. It is crucial to examine its relationship with teaching, feedback, ...

Suggested Citation: "3 Language Constructs and Language Use." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. A Principled Approach to Language Assessment: Considerations for the U.S.