Using data gathered by NASA's Juno Jupiter orbiter, scientists estimate that Europa's ice shell is about 18 miles thick — which could make it hard for nutrients to get down to its buried ocean.

Scientists with expertise in geophysics at Washington State University have developed an alternative pathway for the transport of nutrients to the deep ocean under Europa’s exterior surface. Europa, ...

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Astrobiologists have devised a novel way to determine ocean temperatures of distant worlds based on the thickness of their ice shells, effectively conducting oceanography from space. Cornell ...

ITHACA, N.Y. – Cornell University astrobiologists have devised a novel way to determine ocean temperatures of distant worlds based on the thickness of their ice shells, effectively conducting ...

NASA’s Juno mission, led by an SwRI scientist, recently provided the first resolved subsurface measurements of the ice-encased Jovian moon Europa. This cutaway illustration shows an 18-mile-thick ...

An analysis of gravity and topography data from Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, has revealed unexpected features of the moon’s outer ice shell. The best explanation for the findings, the authors said, ...