Abstract: This paper presents an improved binary gray wolf optimization algorithm for the pattern synthesis of thinning uniformly linear arrays, aimed at lower peak side lobe level and reducing the ...

2. Only calculate depth using maxDepth function. Same concept as in 1, but cost more traversal efforts. Given a binary tree, determine if it is height-balanced. For this problem, a height-balanced ...

Abstract: For increasingly complex real-world optimization problems, a large number of researches have shown that differential evolution (DE) is an effective problem-solving algorithm. Despite its ...

The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...

* Given a binary tree, return the level order traversal of its nodes' values. (ie, from left to right, level by level).