RECENT experiments 1,2 have shown that when metals are bombarded with energetic protons and ions, charged particles are emitted along with neutral particles. The present work was carried out to ...

A particle collision reconstructed using the new CMS machine-learning-based particle-flow (MLPF) algorithm. The HFEM and HFHAD signals come from the forward calorimeters, which measure energy from ...

How much do you know about the building blocks of life, the universe and everything? Take our quiz to see if you can separate your muons from your mesons.

An innovative algorithm for detecting collisions of high-speed particles within nuclear fusion reactors has been developed, inspired by technologies used to determine whether bullets hit targets in ...

The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...

This paper reports the first measurement of the transverse momentum (𝑝T) spectra of primary charged pions, kaons, (anti)protons, and unidentified particles as a function of the charged-particle ...

Scientists at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) have successfully detected top quarks, the heaviest known fundamental particles in the universe. The major discovery was made using ...

In hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus collisions over energy ranges from a few GeV to tens TeV, many particles are measured in experiments. In hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus ...

The macroscopic properties of composite materials depend on the microscopic properties of the constituents and the geometric arrangement of their phases. Therefore, it is essential to predict ...

Suppression of a telltale sign of quark-gluon interactions indicates gluon recombination in dense walls of gluons. Previous experiments have shown that when ions are accelerated to high energies, ...